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Glossary
Technical Textile Terms
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P | R | S | V
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To
access a listing of SEY textile terms, click on a letter above. |
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-A- |
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Appliance Cables:
Power cables used in appliances to carry low to medium voltage. These
cables generally have a braided jacket that is made from
Polyester. In
some special applications, appliance cables can also have braided
jackets made from special fibers like glass,
DuPont™
Nomex®,
Nylon, etc. Also,
many appliance cables are hermetically sealed. These cable are also
used for instrumentation in the aviation industry.
(DuPont™ and Nomex® are registered
Trademarks of E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company and are used under
license to A&E®.) |
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Armored
Cables: Cables that have
a metal jacket below the outer synthetic coating or jacket. The
purpose is to protect buried cables from being cut easily. |
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-B- |
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Beveled Edge Package:
Refers to a package that is tapered on both ends with sharp corners
allowing for more yardage than a bi-conical package. |
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Binder Yarns: Refers to yarns
that are used to wrap a bundle of stranded, insolated wires in the
manufacturing of cables. The purpose of binders is to hold the bundle
together until the jacketing operation.
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Bi-conical: Refers to a
package that has a gradual taper on both ends. Usually, they are not as
hard as a straight or beveled edge package. However, they cannot hold
as much yarn. |
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Bomb: Refers to a
bi-conical package usually 6 1/2” X 5/8” X O.D., which will be used
primarily on a planetary binder operation. |
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Braider Tube: Refers to the
bi-conical package that Braider Yarns are wound on that fits on a
braiding machine. |
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Braider
Yarns: Refers to yarns
used in the power cable industry usually for powering electrical
appliances. The braider yarns act as an insulator when used in
conjunction with a Mylar Tape. |
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-C-
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Cable Twist
Construction: Refers to a two
end construction used primarily for Ripcords. This is only available in 2-ply.
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Category 5
Cable: A telecommunication cable used inside a building that always has a
ripcord. |
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Cob: Package that
generally has a large opening for loading on a binding operation that
has beveled edges. A cob’s dimension normally includes the length of
the tube, the inside diameter of the tube, and the width of the yarn
package. Many customers will also specify the length or traverse of
the yarn on the package. (Example: 10” X 5” X 8” with a 9” traverse.) |
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Cones: Refers to a
package that has a greater base diameter than nose diameter. Generally,
used for vertical yarn presentation to a machine. Primarily used for
Marker yarns and sometimes
Ripcords. |
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Copper
Cables: Power or telecommunication cables that have a copper core or
have a
stranded copper core inside. The copper is used to carry the power or
signal. Generally, copper cables are constructed using
Binder, Ripcord, and
Marker Yarns. Some also have
Filler Yarns. All of the
textiles are sold either soft or non-wicking. |
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Control
Cables:
Refers to power cables used to carry either medium or high voltage
current. Generally, control cables are constructed using
Binder,
Ripcord, and Filler Yarns. Textile yarns used in control cables are soft
finish. |
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-F-
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Fiber Optic: Used for
telecommunication cables that have a glass core or are stranded. The
glass is used to carry the signal. Generally, glass cables are
constructed using Binder,
Ripcord, and Marker Yarns. Some also have
Filler Yarns. All of the textiles are sold with a water
swellable
finish to prevent leaks if the outer shell gets nicked. |
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Filler Yarns: Used to fill voids in the cable construction so the bundle is
round prior to jacketing. The most common fiber used for this
application is polypropylene. These yarns are generally sold in a
soft finish. |
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Flat Yarn
Construction: A non-twisted monocord construction generally used in
Binder
Yarns to provide the
lowest profile so that less jacketing material is required. |
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-G-
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Glass: Refers to
fiber glass continuous filaments used in the
Telecommunications
Industry. The glass carries the transmission signal. Glass is also
used as a strength member. |
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-I-
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I.D. Markers:
Refers to textile yarns that are used for identification purposes and
that are introduced during the manufacturing process of cables and wires.
These Marker Yarns are used in the field to tell when the wire or
cable was made, who made it and sometimes other important information
related to the end-use of the product. A&E's product for this is
Anetec™
Marker Yarns. |
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Insolated Wire: Refers
to wire that has an extruded covering or insolator. |
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-J-
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Jacketed
Cable: Refers to any
cable that is sheathed in a synthetic protective outer coat. |
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-L-
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Lower Yarn
Profile: Refers to a
Binder Yarn that lies extremely flat around the wire bundle. The flat
lay allows for a reduction in the jacket thickness and also minimizes
the visual appearance of ribbing caused by an oval shaped thread.
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Low-Extractable Lube: Refers to a yarn
that has been treated to remove all lubricants and extrusion by
products. |
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-M-
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Marker Yarns:
Refers
to textile yarns that are introduced for identification purposes. The
yarns are used to identify manufacturing location, date of
manufacture, and also identify NEMA requirements. A&E’s brand name for
this product is Anetec™ Marker Yarns. |
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Mechanical
Rubber Market: Refers to the
markets where specialty yarns are required in the manufacturing of
V-Belts, Conveyor Belts, Hoses, etc. |
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Mechanical
Rubber Yarns: Used in the manufacturing of
Mechanical Rubber to do one or more of the following: 1)
Help hold
the bundles of components together, and 2) Add strength |
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Metal Jacket:
Refers to cables or wires
that have a metal sheath inside the outer jacket to help protect the
wire from being cut once it has been buried under ground. |
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Moisture
Barrier: Yarns that
have either a non-wicking or a water swellable finish to help prevent
moisture from entering the yarn bundle, which could cause signal
interference. |
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Multi-End
Winding: Refers to the
ability to wind multiple ends together. The individual yarns can be
designed to run parallel to each other or they can cross over each
other. This product can be unwound to either separate yarn paths or
through a single yarn path. |
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-N-
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Non-Wick
Finish: Refers to a
proprietary finish that is used to prevent the migration of moisture
along a yarn that is used in the wire industry. |
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-P-
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Package Specifications:
Accurate specifications are a critical component for increased
line speeds, higher yield, and fewer machine stoppages in the operation. Package
specifications include the length and inside diameter of the
cob, beginning and ending traverse of the wound yarn, and width of the
wound package.
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Para-Aramid:
Long
chain polyamide fiber that exhibits exceptional tensile strength and
good heat resistance. Common trade names are
Kevlar® and Technora®. |
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Polyamide
Finish:
Refers to a Nylon
coating that can be applied to various synthetic fibers. This finish
is used primarily in the coating of Braider Yarns. |
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Polyester:
Synthetic fiber that is used as a binder and a ripcord. Primarily used
because of its low moisture regain characteristics. |
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Polyethylene:
Synthetic fiber with a very good tensile strength. In some cases it is
substituted for Kevlar®. The common
trade name is Spectra®. |
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Polypropylene:
Synthetic fiber that is used primarily as a cable filler. When used in
this application, it is usually sold in a fibrillated film form.
The material can be fire retardant treated. |
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Polyurethane
Finish:
Refers to a cured
resin that is sometimes applied to ripcords. |
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Power
Cables:
Refers to cables that are used to carry an electrical current. |
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PTFE:
Teflon® was
used as a coating. Not offered at A&E. |
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-R-
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Ripcords:
Refers
to a yarn bundle that is inside the inner and outer jackets that is
used to slit open the jackets for easier access to the copper or
fiber-optic strands. Ripcords can be made from
Aramids, Polyester and
Nylon. They can also be made with either a
cable twist,
low twist, or
flat yarn construction. Generally, a cable twist is recommended on
cables with metal jackets. |
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Ryton® (PPS):
Synthetic fiber that has very good resistance to both acids and bases.
Commonly used in deep well drilling cables. Expensive and difficult
to process. |
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-S-
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Semi-Conductive:
Refers
to a synthetic yarn that is used bleed-off static electricity and
current leaks. Also used as a shield to prevent cross talk between
paired cables. |
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Serving Tubes:
Refers
to a large straight edge package usually with a length of 11.5 inches
and an inside diameter of 2.875 inches. |
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SEY:
Specialty
Engineered Yarns. Refers to the markets that require special fibers,
constructions, finishes and put-ups. Generally, refers to the
Wire &
Cable and Mechanical Rubber Goods Markets. |
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Single End
Winding:
Refers to any
package that is wound with only one yarn bundle. |
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Spool:
Also referred
to as a king spool. Often used on American Knit Corporation Hose Knitting
machinery for making mechanical rubber products. |
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Straight Build
Package (Tube):
Refers to any
type of package that has shoulders that are wound perpendicular to the
yarn carrier. These types of packages offer the greatest cubic volume
for yarn space. Traditionally, the corners of these packages are weak
points and they do not stand up well to high levels of centrifugal
force. |
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Stranded
Cable:
Cables that have
many individual strands of coated wire that make up the cable. |
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Strength
Members:
Refers to a
medium that is used to support the weight of an aerial cable. This
product traditionally is an Aramid fiber. Strength members are used
primarily to support the weight of fiber optic cables. Any stretching
in the glass medium would result in a distortion in the sent signal. |
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Swellable
Finish:
Refers to a
finish that is applied to a textile medium. This finish will swell
when it comes in contact with moisture. When used in a cable
application this finish should plug any nicks in the outer
jacket of
the cable, resulting in a drier cable. This finish is used mostly in
the Fiber Optic Cable Market. |
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-T-
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Tube:
Refers to any type of package
that has shoulders that are wound perpendicular to the yarn carrier.
These types of packages offer the greatest cubic volume for yarn
space. Traditionally, the corners of these packages are weak points and
they do not stand up well to high levels of centrifugal force.
Generally used as ripcords and pull-cords. |
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-U- -V- -W-
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U.L. Specs:
Specifications that are established by Underwriters Lab. |
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Umbilical
Cables:
Generally, refers to sealed cables that are used for running power
cables and other operational lines to deep well drilling applications,
submersibles, or other remote control devices. Generally, ripcords are
not used because when an umbilical cable is used for so many pulls, it
is replaced. Umbilical cables are used to retrieve the powered unit.
Products used would include Binders,
Strength Members,
Fillers, and Braiders.
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Viscose:
Refers to Rayon that is
some times used as a Braider Yarn. |
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Wire & Cable
Market:
Refers to the
markets where specialty wires or cables are manufactured. Used in
two primary industries: Telecommunications and
Power Cables. |
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Wire & Cable
Yarns:
Specialty yarns
that are used in the manufacturing of wire and cables to do one or
more of the following: 1) Help hold the bundles of components
together, 2) Add strength, 3) Fill void spaces in the
construction, 4) Help in identifying the cables
origin, and, 5) Assist in opening the jacket,
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Other Information |
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Related
Topics |
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Technical Information
Links
to technical resources that answer your sewing problem questions... |
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Specialty |
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Thread
Science |
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Internet Sites |
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AAFA:
American Apparel and Footwear Association
www.apparelandfootwear.org
AATCC:
American
Association of Textile Chemist and Colorists.
www.aatcc.org
IAF: International Apparel
Federation http://www.iafnet.com |
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